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GW3965 hydrochloride is an agonist for the liver X receptor (LXR), reduces angiotensin II-mediated pressor responses in Sprague-Dawley rats. GW3965 acts as a full agonist of hLXRα and hLXRβ (EC50 values are 190 and 30 nM respectively) in cell-based reporter gene assays. It is orally active in mice. When screened against a panel of nuclear receptors, it cross-reacted with only the pregnane X receptor (PXR). GW3965 hydrochloride displays potent antiatherogenic activity in mouse models of atherosclerosis. GW3965 dosing blunted the vasopressor effect of Ang II, which was significantly different with the 0.3 and 3 microg kg(-1) doses. GW3965 decreased Ang II-mediated vasopressor responses coincident with a trend toward reduced ATR gene expression, suggesting that LXR agonists could affect vascular reactivity. Alternate studies suggest that GW3965 hydrochloride increases apoA-I protein levels in the central nervous system independent of ABCA1. Since ABCA1 is a major regulator of cholesterol and phospholipid metabolism, GW3965 hydrochloride is a useful tool to study these cellular functions.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Mar 27;e2207224.
Hypoxia Drives Material‐Induced Heterotopic Bone Formation by Enhancing Osteoclastogenesis via M2/Lipid‐Loaded Macrophage Axis
GW3965 hydrochloride purchased from AbMole
Cell Death Dis. 2019 Jun 5;10(6):439.
Loss of transglutaminase 2 sensitizes for diet-induced obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance due to enhanced macrophage c-Src signaling.
GW3965 hydrochloride purchased from AbMole
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Source | Allergol Int (2015). Figure 2. GW3965 |
| Method | Western Blot | |
| Cell Lines | mice | |
| Concentrations | 1 μM | |
| Incubation Time | 1 h | |
| Results | We examined the effects of GW3965 on the IgEþAg- or LPS-induced protein expression of IL- 1a, IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a. Consistent with our microarray data, GW3965 significantly attenuated the protein expression of IL-1a and IL-1b, but not of IL-6 or TNF-a, in MCs stimulated by IgEþAg |
| Cell Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Cell lines | RAW264.7 cells |
| Preparation method | Cellular Internalization of LXR Agonist RAW264.7 cells were seeded into 24-well plates at a density of 1 × 105 cells per well 24 hours prior to the experiment. NPs encapsulating a GW3965 concentration of 1 μM were then incubated with cells for the desired time points. Afterwards, the cells were washed with PBS, followed by trypsinization and centrifugation to remove excess trypsin-EDTA. Cells were then resuspended in PBS, and cellular uptake of NPs was assessed via flow cytometry (BD LSR II, BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA). Data were analyzed using BD FACSDiva software. |
| Concentrations | 1 μM |
| Incubation time | 2 h |
| Animal Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Animal models | atherosclerotic lesions in Ldlr−/− mice |
| Formulation | saline |
| Dosages | 10mg/kg |
| Administration | i.p. |
| Molecular Weight | 618.51 |
| Formula | C33H31NO3ClF3.HCl |
| CAS Number | 405911-17-3 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO ≥90 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Related Liver X Receptor Products |
|---|
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T0901317 is a potent and selective agonist for both LXRα and LXRβ with an EC50 of 20~50 nM. T0901317 activates FXR with an EC50 of 5 μM. T0901317 is RORα and RORγ dual inverse agonist with Ki values of 132 nM and 51 nM, respectively. |
| SR9243
SR9243 is a potent and selective LXR inverse agonist. |
| LXR-623
LXR-623 is a novel liver X-receptor(LXR) agonist with IC50 values of 179 nM and 24 nM for LXR-α and LXR-β, respectively. It is orally bioavailable and readily passes the blood-brain barrier. |
| GSK2033
GSK2033 is a potent LXR antagonist. |
| SR9238
SR9238 is a liver X receptor (LXR) inverse agonist with IC50s of 214 nM and 43 nM for LXRα and LXRβ, respectively. |
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