Dexamethasone

Biological Activity

Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist that induces the production of phospholipase A2 inhibitory protein. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses. Dexamethasone also inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase with IC50 of 5 nM. Dexamethasone reduces levels of activated NF-κB in immature dendritic cells (DCs) and inhibits differentiation into mature DCs. Dexamethasone induces differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dexamethasone also induces autophagy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines. Dexamethasone is used to treat many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and bronchospasm.It can be used to construct models of allergic conjunctivitis.

Product Citations

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  Cells. 2025 Aug 07;14(15):1214.

  Epimedium-Derived Exosome-Loaded GelMA Hydrogel Enhances MC3T3-E1 Osteogenesis via PI3K/Akt Pathway
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  J Cell Mol Med. 2025 May 12;29(9):e70601.

  The Potential Hepatocyte Differentiation Targets and MSC Proliferation by FH1
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  CIMB. 2025 Oct 28; .

  IKK/NF− κB Inactivation by Salidroside via Targeting TNF− α for the Treatment of LPS− Induced Colitis
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  J Mol Histol. 2025 Mar 22;56(2):115.

  Taraxasterol attenuates inflammatory responses in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis mouse model via inactivation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  Arch Dermatol Res. 2025 Apr 01;317(1):666.

  Salidroside alleviates atopic dermatitis-like responses by inhibiting MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  Cancer Lett. 2024 Oct 02;605:217284.

  Exploring epigenetic dynamics unveils a super-enhancer-mediated NDRG1-β-catenin axis in modulating gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  J Control Release. 2023 Dec 13;365:729-743.

  Injectable dexamethasone-loaded peptide hydrogel for therapy of radiation-induced ototoxicity by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jul 20;14:1211302.

  A Mendelian randomization study for drug repurposing reveals bezafibrate and fenofibric acid as potential osteoporosis treatments
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  Pharmacology. 2023 Feb 1;1-10.

  DPP4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Reduces Inflammatory Responses and Mast Cell Activation in Allergic Rhinitis
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

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  Ann Transl Med. 2021 Jul;9(13):1087.

  Functional hit 1 (FH1)-based rapid and efficient generation of functional hepatocytes from human mesenchymal stem cells: a novel strategy for hepatic differentiation
  Dexamethasone purchased from AbMole

Protocol (for reference only)

Cell Experiment
Cell lines	hUC-MSC
Preparation method	For the hepatocyte maturation stage, the maturation medium was composed of William's E mediumsupplemented with 15 μM FH1 (Abmole Bioscience), 20 ng/mL bFGF, 30 ng/mL oncostatin M, 2 × 10−5 mol/L dexamethasone (Dex; Abmole Bioscience) and 1% insulin‐transferrin‐selenium supplement‐X. The cells were cultured in maturation medium for 5 days, after which the medium was changed every 48 h.
Concentrations	2 × 10−5 mol/L
Incubation time	48 h

Animal Experiment
Animal models	Female BALB/c mice
Formulation	DMSO
Dosages	1 mg/kg/day
Administration	Orally administrated

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	392.47
Formula	C22H29FO5
CAS Number	50-02-2
Solubility (25°C)	DMSO ≥ 100 mg/mL Ethanol 8 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)
Storage	4°C, protect from light, sealed

References

[1] Sittichokechaiwut A, et al. Eur Cell Mater. Short bouts of mechanical loading are as effective as dexamethasone at inducing matrix production by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell.

[2] Laane E, et al. Cell Death Differ. Cell death induced by dexamethasone in lymphoid leukemia is mediated through initiation of autophagy.